people who had blood transfusions or injections prior to 1985.those who have sex without using a condom, especially with someone who has HIV.People with a high risk of exposure include: However, the Western blot and ELISA tests are only recommended if a person may have been exposed to HIV. It is a routine procedure during pregnancy. Most adults will undergo screening at some time. Here, an enzyme is added to cause color changes that signal the presence of HIV antibodies. In the Western blot test, the blood is taken in the same way, but the sample is separated with an electrical current and transferred onto a piece of blotting paper. The Western blot test was previously used to confirm the result of the ELISA, but it is no longer recommended, as other tests are now more reliable and enable a faster diagnosis. This very sensitive test was the first one widely used to check for HIV. If the blood contains antibodies to HIV, it will bind with the antigen and cause the cassette’s contents to change color. The blood sample will be added to a cassette that contains the viral protein, called antigen. It checks for certain proteins that the body makes in response to HIV. The ELISA test, also called the EIA for enzyme immunoassay, is used to detect the HIV antibody. Laboratory blood tests can be used to diagnose HIV through detecting certain antibodies or proteins produced by the immune system in response to the virus. Share on Pinterest The ELISA test is a blood antibody test that checks for proteins the body makes if HIV is present.
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